Medical KSV Practice Exam

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• Which cell type forms the majority of the alveolar surface involved in gas exchange?
• Retinoblastoma is most commonly associated with mutation in which gene and inheritance pattern?
• What is the duration for a single HI flow, small mask?
• What items are included in the preflight for O2 W/As?
• Which cytokine is primarily responsible for promoting IgE class switching in B cells during allergic responses?
• Type I error description?
• Which cells are central to humoral immunity?
• Type I error represents?
• Which condition is a major contraindication to ACE inhibitors?
• How should you refrigerate a passenger's medication on request?
• Which immunoglobulin is primarily transferred from mother to fetus providing passive immunity?
• What is the preflight check for a solid-state oxygen unit?
• Loop diuretics commonly cause which electrolyte disturbance that predisposes to arrhythmias?
• Which vitamin deficiency underlies pernicious anemia?
• What is the formula for the anion gap?
• The CFTR gene is located on which chromosome?
• Which action is NOT part of activating or using the solid-state oxygen unit?
• What is the mechanism of action of beta-lactam antibiotics?
• Which electrolyte disturbance is most commonly associated with torsades de pointes?
• What is the first-line imaging modality in the emergency department to distinguish hemorrhagic from ischemic stroke?
• What acid-base disturbance characterizes diabetic ketoacidosis?
• If the green seal is missing from the IMK back pouch, which items should you verify are present?
• Activation of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor on bronchial smooth muscle leads to bronchodilation through which intracellular messenger?
• The cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius) connects which ventricles?
• The most common leukemia in adults is which type?
• During preflight of the IMK, which seals should be visible?
• What are CPR ratios if AED is not available?
• In the hydration plan for suspected cholera, how much fluid should an adult receive within four hours?
• Which cardiac sound is produced by the closure of the semilunar valves?
• If a passenger on oxygen is near a passenger with PPOC, what should you do?
• Which receptor types mediate sympathetic responses to norepinephrine?
• What is the sharps container primarily used for?
• In nephrotic syndrome, edema is primarily caused by what mechanism?
• Which arteries are commonly implicated in lacunar strokes causing pure motor deficits?
• Which vitamin K-dependent factors include II, VII, IX, X and proteins C and S?
• In suspected interstitial lung disease, which imaging modality provides the greatest sensitivity?
• What is the recommended route for initial epinephrine administration in anaphylaxis?
• What is the pattern of inheritance for Huntington disease?
• What is the maximum possible APGAR score?
• Tuberculosis granulomas are characterized by which type of necrosis?
• What is the normal adult male serum creatinine range?
• Which electrolyte disturbance predisposes to digoxin toxicity?
• What precautions should FA take when dealing with bodily fluids?
• How do flight attendants don the small AVOX W/A?
• What is the mechanism of action of low-dose aspirin in cardiovascular prevention?
• Deficiency of which vitamin leads to scurvy?
• A passenger fell in the lavatory and the arm appears broken. How should FA treat the injury?
• Which cells predominantly present antigen to CD4+ T cells via MHC class II?
• Which item is NOT part of the preflight for the O2 W/A?
• Which antibiotic class inhibits protein synthesis at the 30S ribosomal subunit?
• What is the recommended beverage to mix with water in the cholera protocol?
• Which cytokine is primarily produced by TH2 cells?
• In neonates, which condition presents with tachypnea and diffuse hazy opacities on chest X-ray due to surfactant deficiency?
• APGAR score total range?
• Where are ammonia inhalants located?
• If a passenger requires oxygen during taxi, takeoff, or landing, where should you NOT seat them?
• Which type of hypersensitivity is responsible for hay fever?
• How do you check if oxygen is flowing in the solid-state unit?
• Which diagnostic criterion is used to classify diabetes mellitus via HbA1c?
• Which of the following lists the five components of the APGAR score?
• What is the recommended treatment for heat exhaustion?
• Which biomarker is most specific for myocardial necrosis?
• When using the temperature strip, what should you do first?
• First-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
• After solid state re-secured after use, which forms are completed?
• During fasting, which organ predominantly conducts glycogenolysis in the body?
• Fluoride ions inhibit which enzyme in glycolysis?
• ACE inhibitors reduce which hormones?
• Which statement about NSAIDs is accurate?
• Which immunoglobulin is most abundant in mucosal secretions?
• Which hydration schedule is correct for an infant with suspected cholera?
• Which of the following is NOT a symptom of heat exhaustion?
• What’re the big 4 emergencies?
• What is the normal range for the anion gap?
• Where is the sharps container located?
• Which test is commonly used to screen for latent tuberculous infection?
• Besides treating symptoms, what should FA do if food poisoning is suspected on a flight?
• Which vitamin is essential for gamma-carboxylation of clotting factors?
• Where should the Red Biohazard Bag NOT be stowed?
• Clavulanic acid functions as which of the following?
• During oxygen administration, how should the passenger breathe?
• Which configuration lasts one hour for the large mask with dual HI/Low?
• APGAR score maximum points for a single component?
• What is the primary function of the alveolar-capillary barrier?
• Which of the following is helpful clues when assisting someone with an illness?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of the APGAR score?
• Which configuration lasts 25 minutes?
• Which heart sound is classically heard as a ventricular gallop in heart failure?
• Which organism is commonly lactose fermenter on MacConkey agar?
• Vitamin A deficiency symptom?
• When a passenger complains of ear discomfort, what is the first action recommended by the flight attendant?
• Which adverse effect is most classically associated with chloramphenicol?
• What is the preferred initial imaging to evaluate suspected acute stroke?
• Which liver enzyme is most specific for hepatocellular injury?
• What item is used to secure a splint after applying it to a limb injury?
• Which enzymes require vitamin B12 as a cofactor?
• Which test can screen for latent TB infection and may be preferred when BCG vaccination has been given?
• Leukocytes elevated in parasitic infections and allergic reactions?
• What does a yellow seal on the IMK indicate?
• What action should FA take when discovering a passenger who is conscious but breathing?
• Which test is used to diagnose acute EBV infection and may be positive early in illness?
• In case of chemical exposure, what should FA do?
• What steps should be taken when the solid-state unit is no longer needed or expended?
• What does INUSDA mean?
• What radiographic pattern is characteristic of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome?
• Which drug class lowers cholesterol by inhibiting the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis?
• What is the histologic hallmark of acute appendicitis?
• What should you do if a passenger appears unconscious?
• Which pathogen is associated with Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome?
• What is the primary mechanism of action of NSAIDs?
• What acronym is used to know when to administer oxygen during a medical event?
• What is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
• Who can also use the stethoscope and BP cuff in the back pocket of the IMK?
• Which amino acid accumulates in classic phenylketonuria due to the blocked conversion to tyrosine?
• How long should you wait for a reading when the strip is placed under the tongue?
• Which of the following is a symptom of heat exhaustion?
• In the loop of Henle, what is the primary function of the descending limb?
• In nephrotic syndrome, which lipid abnormality is commonly observed?
• How long does solid-state oxygen last?
• Which items should be disposed of in the Red Biohazard Bag?
• During monitoring, what PSI should not be below while the unit is in use?
• Tuberculosis granulomas are characterized by which type of necrosis?
• In the formulation amoxicillin-clavulanate, which beta-lactamase inhibitor is combined with amoxicillin?
• Which statement best differentiates germline mutations from somatic mutations?
• What is the key pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
• What is the hallmark triad of nephrotic syndrome?
• How can you tell the AED is in good working condition during preflight?
• Duchenne muscular dystrophy typically presents in which age range?
• How is the Valsalva maneuver performed?
• What should FA do first if a passenger is suspected of having cholera?
• Which statement is true about ALT and AST in hepatocellular injury?
• If the top marking on the generator is black or brown, what should you do?
• If the top marking on the solid state oxygen generator is missing, what is the correct action before use?
• If the IMK is missing a BP cuff, stethoscope, or pulse oximeter, has a missing seal, or a red seal present, what should you do?
• In adults, the most common cause of acute bacterial meningitis is?
• Sensitivity vs specificity: which statement is true?
• Which enzyme deficiency causes classic galactosemia?
• Myasthenia gravis is best classified as which type of hypersensitivity?
• How do flight attendants don the large O2 W/A?
• Which vitamin deficiency is associated with night blindness?
• Before applying a water gel burn dressing to a chemical burn, what must be done?
• Which cofactor is required for the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1 enzyme?
• If the passenger is not breathing, what should you do?
• Who can use the IMK?
• Which organism is the most common cause of endocarditis in intravenous drug users and is a Gram-positive cocci in clusters?
• CD8+ cytotoxic T cells recognize antigens presented by which MHC class?
• Water gel burn dressings are appropriate for which burns?
• Which test confirms acute EBV infection or infectious mononucleosis?
• For a passenger requiring O2, how should the device be secured and worn?
• Which seal color indicates that an automated external defibrillator (AED) is okay to use?
• How far apart should a passenger on supplemental oxygen be from a passenger with PPOC?
• Before using the temperature strip, what should you do?
• Which statement about the false positive rate is true?
• Which vitamin is essential for gamma-carboxylation of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X?
• A prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma presents with which symptom combination?
• Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine and is deficient in classic phenylketonuria?
• Where is the temperature strip located?
• Which receptor mediates the bronchodilatory effect of beta-2 agonists?
• ACE inhibitors mechanism of action?
• What acid-base disturbance is characterized by a low pH and low HCO3− with a compensatory decrease in PaCO2?
• Besides pregnancy, which condition is a major contraindication to ACE inhibitors?
• Which description best characterizes Streptococcus pneumoniae on Gram stain and lab features?
• Which practice helps guard against potential BBP infections?
• What is the main mechanism by which the kidney maintains stable glomerular filtration rate across a wide range of blood pressures?
• Which diuretic is an example of thiazide diuretics?
• Which nutrient supplementation reduces neural tube defect risk when given periconceptionally?
• Which description best fits Huntington disease?
• Which color seal on the IMK indicates that medications are missing?
• The 3 Cs stand for which actions?
• What is the recommended action if a critical IMK item is missing and the CA is not onboard?
• Water gel burn dressings are not appropriate for which burns?
• Which disease is caused by deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase?
• Which vitamin is essential for gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in clotting factors?
• Which cytokine is most associated with B cell class switching to IgE in allergic responses?
• What is the duration of the AVOX oxygen mask?
• What is the sequence when a solid-state oxygen unit is needed?
• What phrase emphasizes ensuring oxygen is available for passengers?
• Which transporter is primarily responsible for renal glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule?
• In newborns, unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with normal liver function is most consistent with which condition?
• Can water gel burn dressings be used for chemical burns?
• Which statement correctly describes TH1 and TH2 helper T cell responses?
• Which artery primarily supplies the leg region of the primary motor cortex?
• What is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis?
• HbA1c value of 6.5% or higher is diagnostic for diabetes mellitus.
• Which finding defines preeclampsia after 20 weeks gestation?
• In which direction does the knob turn to operate the O2 W/As?
• Which antibiotic is historically associated with fatal aplastic anemia?
• How do you activate the solid-state oxygen unit?
• Which stain is used to detect acid-fast bacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
• Which type of immunity is TH1 cells primarily associated with?
• In infants, how should the pocket mask be oriented when used for CPR?
• Which metabolic state leads to diabetic ketoacidosis?
• What is the range of the Glasgow Coma Scale?
• What is the correct method to administer O2 to an infant?
• In physiologic jaundice, which bilirubin fraction is elevated?
• Ziehl-Neelsen staining is commonly used to detect which organism?
• Which condition is defined by hypertension with new-onset proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction after 20 weeks gestation?
• Which item in the First Aid Kit can only be used upon passenger request or if directed by a doctor?
• In intravenous drug user-associated endocarditis, which heart valve is most frequently affected?
• Water gel should be used for which burns?
• What HbA1c value is diagnostic for diabetes mellitus?
• How should a closed sharps container be disposed of?
• After expending a solid-state oxygen unit, which documentation must be filed?
• What is the preferred initial imaging modality for suspected appendicitis in adults?
• Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma commonly presents with?
• Name the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.
• Which statement best reflects a core principle of antibiotic stewardship?
• Myasthenia gravis involves autoantibodies that target components at the neuromuscular junction, representing which hypersensitivity class?
• Which imaging modality is most sensitive for early interstitial lung disease?
• List typical signs of Cushing syndrome.
• Metabolic alkalosis is commonly associated with which electrolyte disturbance?
• Primary metabolic role of vitamin B12?
• If a passenger is unconscious and breathing normally, what is the recommended management?
• Which antibiotic class is associated with tendon rupture risk?
• Which organism is classically associated with otitis externa?
• What structure forms the blood-air barrier in the lungs?
• Which virus is a common cause of viral conjunctivitis in adults?
• When should ammonia inhalants be used?
• Which antibiotic class is associated with tendon rupture and should be used with caution in elderly patients?
• Circle of Willis primarily responsible for?
• A diagnostic test with high sensitivity is most useful for ruling out disease when negative.
• Which class of drugs is often considered first-line for uncomplicated essential hypertension?
• In the Krebs cycle, what is the first product formed when acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate?
• What does positive predictive value measure?
• Which bacteria are lactose fermenters on MacConkey agar?
• What should a Flight Attendant who hears 'CODE RED' obtain?
• The aqueduct connects which ventricles?
• What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?
• How should you prepare a pocket mask for use?
• At what age does Duchenne muscular dystrophy typically present?
• Which type of leukemia is the most common in adults?
• In glycolysis, which enzyme generates NADH while converting glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to a high-energy intermediate?
• Which hormone predominantly stimulates hepatic glycogenolysis during fasting?
• If the green seal is missing from the back zip pouch on the IMK, what should you verify?
• What number must appear on the AVOX O2 W/A window for O2 to flow?
• What are pocket masks used for?
• Where is the green seal located on the IMK during preflight?
• What is the correct sequence when addressing ear discomfort as described by FA?
• Under anaerobic conditions, which molecule is predominantly produced from pyruvate?
• What is the ancillary kit used for, and what is required before using?